Fruit : Formation, Parts of fruit | study science

Fruit
           The fruit is a characteristic feature of flowering plant. It is a mature or ripened ovary developed after fertilization. It usually contain seeds.
Fruits are important source of dietary fiber,vitamins, antioxidant
They are the main source of a balanced diet.
 
Parthenocarpic fruits - If a fruit is formed without fertilisation of the ovary it is called parthenocarpic                                         fruit.   e.g. Banana
 
Parts of a fruit
 
A fruit consist of pericarp and seeds:
 
 

 
1. Pericarp 
                    The pericarp develops as the wall of the fruits. The pericarp may be dry as in walnut or fleshy as in mango.
When pericarp is thick & fleshy it is  differentiated into 3 layers

(a) Epicarp- It is the outermost layers that forms the peel.
 
(b) Mesocarp- The fleshy, edible portion of fruit is mesocarp It is present in middle layer.
 
(c) EndocarpInner rough portion where seed is accomodated are called endocarp. Endocarp is the             innermost layer.
 
2. Seed
             Seeds are ripened, fertilized ovules. 
 

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